4 Systems & infrastructure
Every entry filed under Systems & infrastructure and its subtopics.
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- 0396 PowerShell basics: cmdlets, objects and the pipeline PowerShell commands are called cmdlets, they return objects instead of text, and the pipeline passes those objects between them. Once that clicks,… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux, macOS, Windows Article PowerShell 15 Oct 2026
- 0355 TLS certificates explained What a certificate proves, who signs it, what the chain and expiry mean, and how to read any site's certificate from the… Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article TLS & certificates 15 Oct 2026
- 0362 The 3-2-1 backup rule, and why a backup you never restored is not a backup Three copies, two kinds of media, one off-site: what the rule really protects against, how it maps to real tools, and why… Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Strategy & restore drills 15 Oct 2026
- 0327 Docker images, containers and volumes explained An image is a read-only template, a container is a running copy of it with a thin writable layer, and a volume… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux, macOS, Windows Article Docker basics 15 Oct 2026
- 0341 DNS, IP addresses and ports explained for beginners An IP address says which machine, a port says which program on it, and DNS turns names into addresses. The three ideas… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux, macOS Article DNS, IP addresses & ports 15 Oct 2026
- 0291 What is a log? A log is a running record of what a program did and when, written to a file so you can look back… Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Logs 15 Oct 2026
- 0306 What is hashing? Hashing turns any data into a fixed length fingerprint that cannot be reversed, used to check files and store passwords. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Secrets & access 15 Oct 2026
- 0307 What is encryption? Encryption scrambles data with a key so only someone with the right key can read it again. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article TLS & certificates 15 Oct 2026
- 0308 What is a backup snapshot? A snapshot is a frozen picture of a disk or system at one moment that you can roll back to if something… Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Strategy & restore drills 15 Oct 2026
- 0309 What is RAID? RAID combines several disks into one so data survives a disk failure or is read and written faster. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Disks, LVM & filesystems 15 Oct 2026
- 0310 What is a cluster? A cluster is a group of computers working together as one system so that if one fails the others keep the service… Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Clusters & high availability 15 Oct 2026
- 0311 What is Kubernetes? Kubernetes is a system that runs containers across many servers, restarting, scaling and connecting them automatically. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Concepts 15 Oct 2026
- 0312 What is a pod? A pod is the smallest unit Kubernetes runs: one or more containers that share a network address and storage. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Workloads & services 15 Oct 2026
- 0281 What is a package manager? A package manager is a tool that installs, updates and removes software for you and keeps track of what depends on what. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Packages & updates 15 Oct 2026
- 0288 What is a daemon or service? A daemon or service is a program that runs in the background all the time, waiting to do its job without a… Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Services & systemd 15 Oct 2026
- 0266 What is a port? A port is a numbered door on a computer that lets one machine run many network services at the same time. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article DNS, IP addresses & ports 15 Oct 2026
- 0268 What is a container? A container is a lightweight box that packs a program with everything it needs so it runs the same on any computer. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Docker basics 15 Oct 2026
- 0272 What is a virtual machine? A virtual machine is a complete computer made of software, running inside another computer with its own operating system. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Basics 15 Oct 2026
- 0273 What is a hypervisor? A hypervisor is the software layer that creates and runs virtual machines and shares the real hardware between them. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Basics 15 Oct 2026
- 0274 What is DNS? DNS is the internet's phone book: it turns names like example.com into the IP addresses computers actually use. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article DNS, IP addresses & ports 15 Oct 2026
- 0275 What is an IP address? An IP address is the unique number that identifies a device on a network so data knows where to go. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article DNS, IP addresses & ports 15 Oct 2026
- 0276 What is SSH? SSH is a secure way to open a command line on another computer over the network, with everything encrypted. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article SSH 15 Oct 2026
- 0277 What is TLS? TLS is the encryption layer that puts the S in HTTPS, protecting data between your browser and a server. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article TLS & certificates 15 Oct 2026
- 0278 What is a certificate? A certificate is a digital ID card that proves a website or server is genuine, issued by a trusted authority. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article TLS & certificates 15 Oct 2026
- 0280 What is a firewall? A firewall is a filter that decides which network connections are allowed in or out of a computer or network. Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Firewalls 15 Oct 2026
- 0177 Users, groups and sudo on Debian, Ubuntu and RHEL How Linux accounts and groups work, how to create users, and how sudo gives admin rights through the sudo group on Debian/Ubuntu… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Users, sudo & hardening 15 Oct 2026
- 0181 Ansible concepts: inventory, modules, playbooks, idempotency and roles Ansible configures many servers over SSH from one control machine. Learn the core pieces: inventory, modules, tasks, playbooks, roles, and why runs… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux, macOS Article Ansible 15 Oct 2026
- 0187 Terraform concepts: providers, state, plan and apply, modules, and OpenTofu Terraform describes infrastructure in code, compares it with what exists, and changes only the difference. Learn providers, resources, state, the plan/apply loop,… Beginner · Explains an idea · Any system Article Terraform 15 Oct 2026
- 0149 OpenShift vs Kubernetes vs OKD: what OpenShift adds OpenShift is Red Hat's Kubernetes platform and OKD is its community distribution. Both add projects, routes, builds, image streams, Operators and stricter… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Concepts · Concepts 15 Oct 2026
- 0164 systemd services: systemctl and journalctl basics systemd starts and supervises services on most Linux servers. systemctl starts, stops and enables them; journalctl shows their logs. Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Services & systemd 15 Oct 2026
- 0132 Pods, ReplicaSets and Deployments explained A Pod runs one or more containers together, a ReplicaSet keeps a fixed number of identical Pods alive, and a Deployment manages… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Concepts · Workloads & services 15 Oct 2026
- 0115 What is Oracle Private Cloud Appliance (PCA)? Hardware, enclaves and release lines Oracle Private Cloud Appliance is a factory-built rack of compute, storage and network hardware with its own cloud software. Release 3.x offers… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Architecture & concepts 15 Oct 2026
- 0116 PCA 3.x Compute Enclave concepts: tenancies, compartments, VCNs, instances, images and shapes The PCA 3.x Compute Enclave uses OCI building blocks: a tenancy holds compartments, which hold networks, instances and storage. Instances are built… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Architecture & concepts · Compute, networking & storage 15 Oct 2026
- 0123 KVM vs QEMU vs libvirt: how Linux virtualization fits together KVM is the Linux kernel part that uses CPU virtualization extensions, QEMU is the program that emulates a full machine around it,… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Basics 15 Oct 2026
- 0131 Kubernetes architecture: control plane, nodes, kubelet and etcd A Kubernetes cluster is a control plane that stores and decides the desired state, plus worker nodes that run your containers. This… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Concepts 15 Oct 2026
- 0098 What Proxmox VE is: KVM virtual machines, LXC containers and a web UI Proxmox VE is an open source virtualization platform based on Debian. It runs KVM virtual machines and LXC containers and is managed… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux Article Basics · Installation & first steps 15 Oct 2026
- 0055 Docker basics: images, containers and the commands you need An image is a read-only package of an app and its dependencies, and a container is a running instance of it. Learn… Beginner · Explains an idea · Linux, macOS, Windows Article Docker basics 15 Oct 2026